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Online Advanced Release
Articles appearing in this "Online Advanced Release" section have been peer-reviewed and accepted for publication in the Journal of Refractive Surgery and posted online before print publication. Articles appear on this site after copyediting and author corrections, but before final proofing. The content of the article will usually remain unchanged, and possible further corrections are fairly minor. The final published article will specify the issue and page numbers. Once the final version is available in print, the version posted here will be removed from this site.
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Table of Contents
Outcomes of Corneal Spherical Aberration-guided Cataract Surgery Measured by the OPD-Scan
Jonathan D. Solomon, MD
Submitted: 6/2/09; Accepted: 11/11/09; Posted: 2/1/10In a series of 40 consecutive eyes with cataract surgery using preoperative corneal spherical aberration as a guide, 3 intraocular lenses (Tecnis Z9003, Alcon AcrySof SN60WF, and Bausch & Lomb LI61AOV) were selected to create a postoperative total ocular spherical aberration near zero. Total postoperative ocular spherical aberration for the entire group measured 0.019 µm.
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Corneal Collagen Cross-linking With Riboflavin and UVA Irradiation in Pellucid Marginal Degeneration
Leopoldo Spadea, MD
Submitted: 6/21/09; Accepted: 12/9/09; Posted: 1/15/10Corneal collagen cross-linking was performed in a patient with pellucid marginal degeneration, resulting in improved corrected distance visual acuity, a 1.40-D reduction in keratometric astigmatism, and a decrease in ectasia apex from 82.00 D to 78.00 D.
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Distribution of Angle Kappa Measurements With Orbscan II in a Population-based Survey
Hassan Hashemi, MD; Mehdi KhabazKhoob, MSc; Kamran Yazdani, MD; Shiva Mehravaran, MD; Ebrahim Jafarzadehpur, PhD; Akbar Fotouhi, MD, PhD
Submitted: 3/15/09; Accepted: 12/8/09; Posted: 1/15/10In a population-based group of 800 eyes, the mean angle kappa was 5.46° (range: 2.0 to 9.0°; 95% confidence interval, 5.3 to 5.62).
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Mechanism of Action of the Tetraflex Accommodative Intraocular Lens
James S. Wolffsohn, PhD; Leon N. Davies, PhD; Navneet Gupta, PhD; Shehzad A. Naroo, PhD; George A. Gibson, PhD; Toshifumi Mihashi, PhD; Sunil Shah, FRCS, FRCOphth
Submitted: 6/20/09; Accepted: 12/1/09; Posted: 1/15/10In 13 eyes that received the Tetraflex accommodating intraocular lens followed for at least 2 years, measurements indicate that the lens does not move in an anterior-posterior direction, but may undergo flexing changes that affect higher order aberrations, which might account for the improved near vision with the lens in some patients.
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Intraoperative Complications of LASIK Flaps Using the IntraLase Femtosecond Laser in 3009 Cases
James A. Davison, MD, FACS; Steven C. Johnson, MD
Submitted: 3/26/09; Accepted: 11/25/09; Posted: 1/15/10In a consecutive series of 3009 LASIK operations using the IntraLase femtosecond laser to create the corneal flap, 0.37% of eyes had an intraoperative complication, most commonly a disruption of the suction ring adherence.
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Islam Mahmoud Hamdi, FRCS(Glasg), PhD
Submitted: 1/30.09; Accepted: 11/17/09; Posted: 1/15/10In a series of 37 eyes with varying types of keratoconus, Ferrara Ring intracorneal ring segments were implanted, flattening the central cornea, improving the optical path difference refraction, decreasing the RMS for higher order aberrations, but no difference in the point spread function or modulation transfer function values.
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José F. Alfonso, MD, PhD; Luís Fernández-Vega, MD, PhD; Beatriz Valcárcel, OD; Teresa Ferrer-Blasco, PhD; Robert Montés-Micó, PhD
Submitted: 5/2/08; Accepted: 11/3/09; Posted: 1/15/10In a series of 23 patients that underwent presbyopic lens exchange with bilateral AcrySof ReSTOR Natural IOL implantation, all eyes were within ±0.50 D of the desired refraction and all patients reported good quality of vision and satisfaction at distance and near 6 months postoperatively.
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Dan Z. Reinstein, MD, MA(Cantab), FRCSC, FRCOphth; Timothy J. Archer, MA(Oxon), DipCompSci(Cantab); Marine Gobbe, MST(Optom), PhD
Submitted: 5/22/09; Accepted: 10/15/09; Posted: 1/15/10In a series of 121 eyes, the depth of the stromal ablation as measured by the Zeiss MEL 80 excimer laser was approximately 20 µm greater than the readings obtained postoperatively of corneal thickness alone by the Artemis very high-frequency ultrasound.
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Pupil Size, White-to-White Corneal Diameter, and Anterior Chamber Depth in Patients With Myopia
José F. Alfonso, MD, PhD; Teresa Ferrer-Blasco, PhD; José M. González-Méijome, PhD; M. García-Manjarres, OD; Sofia C. Peixoto-de-Matos, OD; Robert Montés-Micó, PhD
Submitted: 8/20/09; Accepted: 11/3/09; Posted: 12/15/09In a series of 964 myopic eyes, the white-to-white diameter was constant at approximately 11.69 mm; anterior chamber depth averaged approximately 3.23 mm in the shallower and higher myopic eyes; average photopic pupil size was 4.90 mm; and average mesopic pupil size was 6.50 mm, decreasing with higher myopia.
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Charles E. Campbell, BS
Submitted: 7/14/09; Accepted: 11/3/09; Posted: 12/15/09In a series of 882 eyes measured before vision correction surgery with the VISX laser, smaller pupil methods measured the spherical component better whereas larger pupil measurements measured the astigmatic component better compared to manifest refraction. The spherical equivalent refraction was not optimally measured with any of the four approaches (standard deviation 0.94 D). A manifest refraction should be incorporated in preoperative wavefront-guided excimer laser corneal surgery planning.
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Donald R. Sanders, MD, PhD; Monica L. Sanders, BS; Tetraflex Presbyopic IOL Study Group
Submitted: 5/12/09; Accepted: 11/3/09; Posted: 12/15/09In the US 12-center FDA clinical study, 255 patients received Tetraflex potentially accommodating IOLs bilaterally and 101 patients received 3-piece hydrophilic acrylic STAAR monofocal IOLs. Patients with the Tetraflex lens could read faster at smaller print sizes, wore reading glasses less frequently, and had better uncorrected distance visual acuity.
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Traumatic Flap Striae 6 Years After LASIK: Case Report and Literature Review
Roxana Ursea, MD; Matthew T. Feng, MD
Submitted: 5/1/09; Accepted: 11/3/09; Posted: 12/15/09The authors present a case of ocular trauma 6 years after LASIK that resulted in a flap striae without flap dislocation as well as a literature review of striae and their management.
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Quantitative Assessment of Bandage Soft Contact Lens Wear Immediately After LASIK
Faik Orucov, MD; Joseph Frucht-Pery, MD; Frederick D. Raiskup, MD; Eyal Strasman, MD; David Landau, MD; Abraham Solomon, MD
Submitted: 4/27/09; Accepted: 11/3/09; Posted: 12/15/09In a series of 161 consecutive patients with bilateral simultaneous LASIK, soft contact lenses were applied immediately after surgery. Overnight wear was associated with more flap edema and mucoid secretion the next morning. The authors suggest applying a lens for 1 hour after surgery and then removing it.
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LASIK Flap Buttonhole Treated Immediately by PRK With Mitomycin C
George D. Kymionis, MD, PhD; Dimitra M. Portaliou, MD; Alexandra E. Karavitaki, MD; Maria S. Krasia, MD; Georgios A. Kontadakis, MD, MSc; Aimilianos A. Stratos, MD; Sonia H. Yoo, MD
Submitted: 2/25/09; Accepted: 11/3/09; Posted: 12/15/09Three patients who underwent LASIK that resulted in a buttonhole formation in their left eye received immediate photorefractive keratectomy with mitomycin C. Three months postoperatively, all patients were seeing 20/20.
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Sang-Bumm Lee, MD, PhD; Bo-Sung Hwang, MD; Jun-Yeop Lee, MD
Submitted: 12/6/08; Accepted: 10/27/09; Posted: 12/15/09In 95 eyes that received excimer laser PRK using a manually adjusted technique for the VISX S4 ActiveTrak system, increasing decentration produced increases in total higher order aberration, spherical aberration, and coma. A literature review of the change in higher order aberrations after refractive surgery is included.
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Device for Improving Quantification of Reading Acuity and Reading Speed
Alois K. Dexl, MD, MSc; Horst Schlögel, PhD; Michael Wolfbauer; Günther Grabner, MD
Submitted: 7/4/08; Accepted: 10/14/09; Posted: 12/1/09A new device, the Salzburg Reading Desk, which uses the Radner reading charts and video-stereo-photometry to measure reading distance, allows automatic evaluation of reading acuity and reading speed at best reading distance under standardized conditions. Reading vision at best distance was found to be better than at fixed distance.
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J. Oscar Croxatto, MD; Adriana E. Tytiun, MD; Carlos J. Argento, MD, PhD
Submitted: 3/16/09; Accepted: 10/13/09; Posted: 11/16/09Corneal cross-linking induces cellular wound healing and alters the normal structure and cellularity of the cornea for up to 3 years after treatment.
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Leopoldo Spadea, MD; Arianna Fiasca, MD; Simone Federici, MD
Submitted: 12/17/08; Accepted: 10/13/09; Posted: 11/16/09Videokeratography was used to adjust suture tension to minimize surgically induced astigmatism. Astigmatism decreased significantly in groups, and final astigmatism after 2 years was closely related to early postoperative values, indicating the benefit of intraoperative adjustments.
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Biomechanical and Tomographic Analysis of Unilateral Keratoconus
Bruno M. Fontes, MD; Renato Ambrósio, Jr, MD, PhD; Marcella Salomão, MD; Guillermo C. Velarde, DSc; Walton Nosé, MD
Submitted: 9/27/08; Accepted: 10/6/09; Posted: 11/16/09Using the Ocular Response Analyzer to measure biomechanical properties of eyes with keratoconus, fellow eyes in the same patient, and control groups, the authors did not find statistically significant differences among these three groups, although the keratoconus in fellow eyes had numerically different values compared to normal control eyes.
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Dan Z. Reinstein, MD, MA(Cantab), FRCSC, FRCOphth; Timothy J. Archer, MA(Oxon), DipCompSci(Cantab); Marine Gobbe, MST(Optom), PhD; Ronald H. Silverman, PhD; D. Jackson Coleman, MD
Submitted: 12/30/08; Accepted: 9/29/09; Posted: 11/16/09Using Artemis very high-frequency digital ultrasound, repeatability values for corneal epithelial thickness was 0.58 µm and for the stroma, cornea, LASIK flap, and residual stromal bed was approximately 1.7 µm.
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Dan Z. Reinstein, MD, MA(Cantab), FRCSC, FRCOphth; Timothy J. Archer, MA(Oxon), DipCompSci(Cantab); Marine Gobbe, MST(Optom), PhD; Ronald H. Silverman, PhD; D. Jackson Coleman, MD
Submitted: 5/22/09; Accepted 9/22/09; Posted: 11/16/09Using high resolution ultrasound to measure corneal epithelial thickness in 65 eyes following LASIK for hyperopia showed a doughnut pattern, with thinner epithelium over the apex and thicker epithelium paracentrally at the 3.4-mm radius.
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Pentacam Scheimpflug Evaluation of Corneal Volume After LASIK
Camila M. Gadelha P. Diniz, MD; Rossen M. Hazarbassanov, MD; Ester Yamazaki, MD; Celina Murata, MD; Felipe Mallmann, MD; Mauro Campos, MD
Submitted: 1/6/09; Accepted: 9/3/09; Posted: 11/16/09In a series of 49 eyes that underwent LASIK for myopia and were analyzed by the Pentacam Scheimpflug instrument, there was a good correlation between the spherical equivalent refraction treated and the laser ablation volume.
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LASIK Outcomes Following Multifocal and Monofocal Intraocular Lens Implantation
David P. Piñero, PhD; María José Ayala Espinosa, MD, PhD; Jorge L. Alió, MD, PhD
Submitted: 12/23/08; Accepted: 10/6/09; Posted: 11/2/09LASIK treatment for residual refractive error after cataract surgery and intraocular lens implantation improved visual function. Outcomes were better for eyes with monofocal intraocular lenses than with multifocal intraocular lenses. Hyperopic eyes implanted with multifocal intraocular lenses had the poorest results.
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Determination of Corneal Elasticity Coefficient Using the ORA Database
Sergei E. Avetisov, MD, PhD; Ivan A. Novikov; Irina A. Bubnova, MD; Alexei A. Antonov, MD; Vladimir I. Siplivyi, MD
Submitted: 12/14/08; Accepted: 9/22/09; Posted: 11/2/09Using the Ocular Response Analyzer, the authors studied normal, keratoconic, postoperative LASIK, and glaucoma eyes, finding different elasticity coefficients among these groups.
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Masayuki Ouchi, MD, PhD; Shigeru Kinoshita, MD, PhD
Submitted: 2/6/09; Accepted: 8/13/09; Posted: 10/15/09In a series of eyes that had cataracts removed using bimanual microincision cataract surgery technique, 96 eyes had limbal relaxing incisions for astigmatism and 93 had no relaxing incisions, with both groups having a mean preoperative cylinder of approximately 1.70 D. At 6 months postoperative, the mean astigmatism was 0.56 in the limbal relaxing incision group and 1.51 in the non-incision group.
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Persistent Subepithelial Haze in Thin-flap LASIK
Farhad Hafezi, MD, PhD; Theo Seiler, MD, PhD
Submitted: 3/19/09; Accepted: 9/3/09; Posted: 10/1/09Two patients with distinct subepithelial haze and reduced corrected distance visual acuity after femtosecond thin-flap LASIK are presented, representing a new potential complication in thin-flap LASIK.
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Jackson Barreto, Jr, MD; Mirella T.S. Barboni, MSc; Claudia Feitosa-Santana, PhD; João R. Sato, MSc; Samir J. Bechara, MD; Dora F. Ventura, PhD; Milton Ruiz Alves, MD
Submitted: 1/22/09; Accepted: 9/3/09; Posted: 10/1/09In a prospective, randomized right/left eye contralateral study of 11 patients who received PRK in one eye and LASIK in the other eye using the wavefront-guided NIDEK EC-5000CXIII excimer laser with the OPDCAT platform, there was no difference between PRK and LASIK in terms of the amount of induced higher order aberrations, which increase was approximately 0.12 µm for total higher order aberrations.
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Corneal Collagen Cross-linking for Ectasia After Excimer Laser Refractive Surgery: 1-year Results
Paolo Vinciguerra, MD; Fabrizio I. Camesasca, MD; Elena Albè, MD; Silvia Trazza
Submitted: 3/22/09; Accepted: 8/5/09; Posted: 9/15/09In a series of 13 eyes that exhibited corneal ectasia after excimer laser corneal surgery, collagen cross-linking demonstrated approximately 3.00 D of flattening of the average simulated keratometry, approximately 1.50 D decrease in spherical equivalent myopia, and improvement in best spectacle-corrected visual acuity.
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Transplantation of Endothelium and Descemet's Membrane for Aphakic Corneal Edema in 1980
Kenneth J. Hoffer, MD, FACS; John D. Hofbauer, MD
Submitted: 3/3/09; Accepted: 7/23/09; Posted: 9/15/09A single historical case of unsuccessful transplantation of the corneal endothelium and Descemet's membrane is described.
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Hélène Rouger, MSc; Yohann Benard, MSc; Richard Legras, PhD
Submitted: 4/8/09; Accepted: 7/29/09; Posted: 9/1/09In four patients, adaptive optics were used to induce lower and higher order optical aberrations, indicating that Zernike modes near the center and top of the Zernike pyramid decreased visual acuity more than those at the edge or the bottom of the pyramid.
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Corneal Limbal Marking in the Treatment of Myopic Astigmatism With the Excimer Laser
Celine Bucher; Bruno Zuberbuhler, MD; Michael Goggin, FRCSI(Ophth); Adrian Esterman, AStat, PhD; Isaak Schipper, MD
Submitted: 10/8/08; Accepted: 7/23/09; Posted: 8/17/09In a retrospective study of 108 eyes with myopic astigmatism that underwent LASIK or LASEK with or without corneal limbal marking, the 12-month refractive outcome was not influenced by limbal marking, with achieved cylinder and spherical reduction as well as refractive predictability being similar in both groups.
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Role of Corneal Biomechanical Properties in Applanation Tonometry Measurements
Tae-Hyun Kwon, PhD; Jamshid Ghaboussi, PhD; David A. Pecknold, PhD; Youssef M.A. Hashash, PhD
Submitted: 12/22/08; Accepted: 7/20/09; Posted: 8/17/09Using a finite element model of the cornea for the simulation of Goldmann applanation tonometry, corneal biomechanical properties are shown to be as important as the central corneal thickness in influencing measured intraocular pressure.
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Outcomes After Topography-based LASIK and LASEK With the WaveLight Oculyzer and Topolyzer Platforms
Arthur B. Cummings, MD; Nadia Mascharka, MSc
Submitted: 2/4/09; Accepted: 7/16/09; Posted: 8/17/09In a noncomparative case series, 143 eyes underwent topography-guided LASEK or LASIK treatments using the Oculyzer (Scheimflug-based) or Topolyzer (Placido-disk based) platforms. Both platforms provide good, comparable outcomes in patients with myopia and mixed astigmatism; however, the Oculyzer resulted in slightly better uncorrected visual acuity in patients with hyperopia.
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Comparison of Rosenbaum Pupillometry Card Using Red and Blue Light to Colvard and Iowa Pupillometers
Lawrence Y. Ho, MD; Thomas M. Harvey, MD; Joseph Scherer, MD; Mamtha Balasubramaniam, MS; Deepinder K. Dhaliwal, MD; Francis S. Mah, MD
Submitted: 2/6/08; Accepted: 7/16/09; Posted: 8/17/09In a cross-sectional study of 200 eyes, two observers performed pupillometry using four scotopic pupil measuring techniques. Due to the complex interaction among observer, pupillometry technique, and iris color, the four techniques cannot be compared nor can the measurements between observers.
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Contrast Sensitivity Comparison Between AcrySof ReSTOR and Acri.LISA Aspheric Intraocular Lenses
José F. Alfonso, MD, PhD; Cristina Puchades, MSc; Luis Fernández-Vega, MD, PhD; Carmen Merayo, OD; Robert Montés-Micó, PhD
Submitted: 11/26/08; Accepted: 7/1/09; Posted: 8/3/09Contrast sensitivity in eyes receiving the Acri.LISA 366D and the AcrySof ReSTOR SN6AD3, both diffractive-refractive multifocal IOLs, demonstrated normal values under photopic conditions and decreased values under mesopic and scotopic conditions with no significant difference between the two lens styles.
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Development of a New Subjective Questionnaire: The Freedom from Glasses Value Scale (FGVS)
Pierre Lévy, MD; Dani Elies, MD; Ole Dithmer, MD; Irène Gil-Campos, MSc; Khadra Benmedjahed, MSc; Gilles Berdeaux, MD, PhD; Benoit Arnould, PhD
Submitted: 10/27/08; Accepted: 6/30/09; Posted: 8/3/09A new subjective patient questionnaire with 25 items based on patient interviews, the Freedom from Glasses Value Scale has been developed and is awaiting clinical trial.
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A Prospective Randomized Comparison of Four Femtosecond LASIK Flap Thicknesses
Gaurav Prakash, MD; Amar Agarwal, MS, FRCS, FRCOphth; Anil Yadav, DNB; Soosan Jacob, MS, DNB, FRCS; Dhivya Ashok Kumar, MD; Athiya Agarwal , MD, DO; Raheel Akhtar, Boptom
Submitted: 2/2/09; Accepted: 6/9/09; Posted: 8/3/09In a prospective randomized trial of femtosecond flaps in LASIK with thicknesses of 90, 100, 110, and 120 µm, flaps are found to be planar in all four groups and clinical outcomes were similar in all four groups.
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An Intraocular Lens Power Calculation Formula Based on Optical Coherence Tomography: A Pilot Study
Maolong Tang, PhD; Yan Li, PhD; David Huang, MD, PhD
Submitted: 1/29/09; Accepted: 6/11/09; Posted: 7/15/09Using a prototype high-speed anterior segment OCT system to calculate intraocular lens power in 27 eyes not having previous corneal surgery, a new formula was developed that gave a spherical equivalent refractive outcome of 0.04±0.44 D, comparable to standard theoretical IOL power calculation formulas.
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Lucien A.M. van Philips, MD
Submitted: 3/13/08; Accepted: 6/11/09; Posted: 7/15/09In a series of 42 consecutive myopic eyes treated with the Artiflex phakic intraocular lens, best spectacle-corrected visual acuity under high and low contrast conditions increased significantly.
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Finite Element Modeling of Corneal Biomechanical Behavior
Ahmed Elsheikh, PhD
Submitted: 10/13/08; Accepted: 6/8/09; Posted: 7/15/09Finite element models are used to simulate corneal nonuniform thickness, topography, boundary conditions, hyperelastic behavior, hysteretic behavior and isotropy, stomal interlamellar adhesion, and layered construction.
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Hui-Jin Chen, MD; Ying-Jie Xia, MD; Yan-Ying Zhong, BS; Xiao-Li Song, BS; Yue-Guo Chen, MD
Submitted: 12/22/08; Accepted: 6/8/09; Posted: 7/15/09Using Zeiss Visante anterior segment OCT to measure LASIK flap thickness in 136 eyes, LASIK flaps achieved with the Moria One Use-Plus and M2 90-µm head microkeratomes showed nonuniform thickness.
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Traumatic Dislocation of LASIK Flaps 4 and 9 Years After Surgery
Hyunjin Jane Kim, MD; Cary M. Silverman, MD
Submitted: 12/25/08; Accepted: 5/27/09; Posted: 7/15/09In two eyes with traumatic LASIK flap dislocation 4 and 9 years after surgery, flaps were repositioned and final uncorrected visual acuity was 20/20 in one eye and 20/25 in the other.
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Comparison of LASIK With the OPDCAT or OATz Algorithm Using the NIDEK EC-5000CXII Excimer Laser
Yoshiko Hori-Komai, MD; Ikuko Toda, MD; Takahiro Yamamoto, MD; Kazuo Tsubota, MD
Submitted: 7/11/08; Accepted: 5/7/09; Posted: 7/1/09In a series of 274 eyes studied retrospectively, using the NIDEK excimer laser platform demonstrated that eyes treated with a total aspheric algorithm based on refraction, wavefront, and topography induced less higher order aberrations than those treated with a customized aspheric transition zone only.
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Clinical Results With the Light Adjustable Intraocular Lens
Christoph Winkler von Mohrenfels, MD; Josefina Salgado, MD; Ramin Khoramnia, MD; Mathias Maier, MD; Chris P. Lohmann, MD, PhD
Submitted 10/10/08; Accepted: 5/7/09; Posted: 6/22/09In a series of 10 eyes with cataracts, the Calhoun light adjustable intraocular lens was implanted, with refraction modified by one or two ultraviolet irradiation adjustments and a final lock-in of the refraction, producing a mean spherical equivalent refraction of –0.07±0.21 D.
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Posterior Chamber Phakic Implantable Collamer Lens: Changes in Vault During 1 Year
Takashi Kojima, MD; Masahiro Maeda, MD; Yoko Yoshida, MD; Mayuka Ito; Tomoaki Nakamura, MD; Shuya Hara, MD; Kazuo Ichikawa, PhD, MD
Submitted: 1/4/09; Accepted: 5/6/09; Posted: 6/22/09In a series of 36 eyes in which the phakic Implantable Collamer Lens was placed, those with an initial high vault showed a decrease in the vault over 3 months, and thereafter in all eyes the vault remained stable up to 1 year.
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Comparison of Corneal and Total Ocular Aberrations Before and After Myopic LASIK
Damien Gatinel, MD, PhD; Pierre-Alexandre Adam, MD; Slim Chaabouni, MD; Jacques Munck, OD; Maud Thevenot, OD; Thanh Hoang-Xuan, MD; Stefan Pieger, Dipl.Ing; Masanao Fujieda, MSE; Harkaran S. Bains, BSc(Hons)
Submitted: 1/8/09; Accepted: 5/5/09; Posted: 6/22/09In a series of 57 myopic eyes treated with LASIK, the authors hypothesize that postoperatively, there may be alterations in the crystalline lens to change the higher order aberrations for the total eye based on the new set of higher order aberrations that appear after the myopic LASIK.
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Steven Schallhorn, MD; David Tanzer, MD; Donald R. Sanders, MD, PhD; Monica Sanders, BS; Mitch Brown, OD; Sandor E. Kaupp, MS
Submitted: 1/16/09; Accepted: 5/5/09; Posted: 6/22/09In a prospective, randomized series of 43 eyes implanted with a Visian Toric Implantable Collamer Lens and 45 eyes of different patients receiving conventional PRK with the VISX Star S3 excimer laser, eyes with the IOL could identify objects in a night driving simulator better than those treated with PRK.
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Anterior Chamber Depth Measurement in Pseudophakic Eyes: A Comparison of Pentacam and Ultrasound
Giacomo Savini, MD; Thomas Olsen, MD; Claudio Carbonara, MD; Sebastiano Pazzaglia, MD; Piero Barboni, MD; Michele Carbonelli, MD; Kenneth J. Hoffer, MD, FACS
Submitted: 8/7/08; Accepted: 5/5/09; Posted: 6/22/09In a series of pseudophakic eyes, the Pentacam and immersion biometry were statistically similar, provided that manual measurements are used and not automatic measurements.
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Microbial Keratitis After Intrastromal Corneal Ring Segment Implantation
M. Emilia Mulet, MD, PhD; Juan J. Pérez-Santonja, MD; Consuelo Ferrer, PhD; Jorge L. Alió, MD, PhD
Submitted: 11/11/08; Accepted: 4/28/09; Posted: 6/22/09In a series of 212 eyes that received an intrastromal corneal ring segment, 1.4% had acute microbial keratitis, mostly from gram-positive cocci.
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Comparing Conventional and Wavefront-optimized LASIK for the Treatment of Hyperopia
Daniel S. Durrie, MD; Ryan T. Smith, MD; George O. Waring IV, MD; Jason E. Stahl, MD; Frank J. Schwendeman, OD
Submitted: 10/27/08; Accepted: 4/23/09; Posted: 6/22/09In a series of 51 hyperopic eyes, the wavefront optimized ALLEGRETTO excimer laser produced generally better clinical results than the conventional LADAR4000 excimer laser, including less induced spherical aberration.
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Temperature Increase in Human Cadaver Retina During Direct Illumination by Femtosecond Laser Pulses
Hui Sun, PhD; Eric Mikula, MS; Ronald M. Kurtz, MD; Tibor Juhasz, PhD
Submitted: 1/28/09; Accepted: 4/17/09; Posted: 6/22/09Using an iFS IntraLase Advanced Femtosecond Laser emitting 600 fs pulses with a repetition rate of 150 kHz at 1053 nm wavelength in human eye bank eyes, exposure of the cornea produced minimal temperature elevations that would create subclinical effects in the retina.
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Robert N. Goldstone, BA; Elvin H. Yildiz, MD; Vincent C. Fan, MD; Penny A. Asbell, MD
Submitted: 11/11/08; Accepted: 4/15/09; Posted: 5/15/09Both contact lens corneal refractive therapy (CRT) and LASIK increase higher order aberrations at 1 month after treatment, but the increase with CRT is greater than that with LASIK, especially for spherical aberration. Changes after CRT are reversible; changes after LASIK are not.
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Refractive Surgery Trends and Practice Style Changes in Germany Over a 3-year Period
Ingo Schmack, MD; Gerd U. Auffarth, MD; Daniel Epstein, MD; Mike P. Holzer, MD
Submitted: 11/18/09; Accepted: 4/2/09; Posted: 5/15/09Refractive surgery in Germany remains a dynamic field of ophthalmology, illustrating trends and practice styles that are in line with other European countries.
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Dan Z. Reinstein, MD, MA(Cantab), FRCSC, FRCOphth; Marine Gobbe, MST(Optom), PhD; Timothy J. Archer, MA(Oxon), DipCompSci(Cantab); Ronald H. Silverman, PhD; D. Jackson Coleman, MD
Submitted: 12/15/08; Accepted: 4/14/09; Posted: 5/15/09In keratoconus eyes, the epithelial thickness pattern forms a "doughnut," with the thinnest area overlying the apex of the cone and the thickest area surrounding the base of the cone.
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Visian Toric Implantable Collamer Lens for Correction of Compound Myopic Astigmatism
Daniel Elies, MD; Tirso Alonso, MD; Javier Puig, MD, PhD; Oscar Gris, MD, PhD; José Luís Güell, MD, PhD; Andreu Coret, MD, PhD
Submitted: 5/13/08; Accepted: 3/31/09; Posted: 5/15/09In a retrospective analysis of 63 myopic astigmatic eyes that underwent implantation of a STAAR Toric Implantable Collamer Lens, 94% of eyes had a spherical equivalent refraction within ±1.00 D and 83% within ±0.05 D, and astigmatism was reduced to 0.38@99.6 from 2.17@93 preoperatively.
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Microbial Keratitis After LASIK
Prashant Garg, MD; Sunita Chaurasia, MS; Pravin K. Vaddavalli, MS; Muralidhar R, MS; Vikas Mittal, MD, DNB; Usha Gopinathan, PhD
Submitted: 9/21/08; Accepted: 4/2/09; Posted: 5/8/09Infection after LASIK performed in a tropical climate can be caused by unusual organisms such as fungi, Nocardia, and Acanthamoeba, therefore, detailed microbiology workup is needed for definitive diagnosis and treatment.
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An Inter-eye Comparison of Refractive Outcomes Following Cataract Surgery
John Landers, MBBS, MPH, PhD; Michael Goggin, FRCSI(Ophth), FRANZCO, MS
Submitted: 10/9/08; Accepted: 4/2/09; Posted: 5/8/09The difference between postoperative refractive outcome and preoperative target refraction of the second eye following bilateral cataract surgery with IOL implantation is independent of that from the first eye.
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Cheryl Ngo, MBBS; Mandeep Singh, MRCSEd, MMed(Ophth); Chelvin Sng, MBBS; Seng-Chee Loon, FRCSEd, MMED(Clin Epi); Yiong-Huak Chan, PhD; Lennard Thean, FRCSEd, FAMS
Submitted: 9/15/08; Accepted: 3/5/09; Posted: 5/8/09A retrospective study of 108 eyes implanted with SA60D3, SN60D3, and ZM900 IOLs following phacoemulsification for cataract found that each lens provided equally good uncorrected visual acuity and best spectacle-corrected visual acuity, although the ZM900 lens provided better binocular distance corrected near acuity than the SA60D3 or SN60D3.
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Changes in Ocular Response Analyzer Parameters After LASIK
Shihao Chen, MD, OD, MS; Ding Chen, MD; Jianhua Wang, PhD, MD; Fan Lu, MD, OD, MS; Qinmei Wang, MD; Jia Qu, MD, MS
Submitted: 3/24/08; Accepted: 3/25/09; Posted: 4/15/09Corneal biomechanical properties measured by corneal hysteresis and corneal resistance factor with the Ocular Response Analyzer were decreased at 10 days after LASIK. Minimal recovery (approximately 10% of the changes) was achieved by 3 months. The changes in biomechanical properties may affect intraocular pressure measurement.
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Jens Bühren, MD; Geunyoung Yoon, PhD; Scott MacRae, MD; Krystel Huxlin, PhD
Submitted: 12/1/08; Accepted: 3/11/09; Posted: 4/15/09Pupil diameter and decentration of the optical zone affected the change of retinal image quality, with a higher influence of the pupil diameter. Microdecentrations of <500 µm are unlikely to be the reason for night vision disturbances in otherwise asymptomatic eyes.
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Femtosecond Thin-flap LASIK for the Correction of Ametropia After Penetrating Keratoplasty
Irina S. Barequet, MD; Ami Hirsh, MD; Samuel Levinger, MD
Submitted: 5/10/08; Accepted: 2/18/09; Posted: 4/15/09In a series of 11 consecutive eyes, from approximately 1 to 13 years after penetrating keratoplasty, femtosecond thin-flap laser was done without serious complications and with improved visual function.
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Maria Clara Arbelaez, MD; Ioannis M. Aslanides, MD; Carmen Barraquer, MD; Francesco Carones, MD; Alena Feuermannova, MD; Tobias Neuhann, MD; Pavel Rozsival, MD
Submitted: 5/19/08; Accepted: 2/10/09; Posted: 4/15/09In a series of 358 eyes with spherical equivalent myopia ranging from -0.50 to -7.38 D treated at 6 different centers with the SCHWIND AMARIS excimer laser platform, outcomes included spherical equivalent manifest refraction within ±0.50 D in 96% of eyes, an uncorrected visual acuity of 20/16 or better in 65% and of 20/20 or better in 98% of eyes, mean increase in spherical aberration and in coma of 0.03 µm each, and no change in contrast sensitivity.
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Mohamad Rosman, MD, FRCSEd, FAMS; Jorge L. Alió, MD, PhD; Dolores Ortiz, PhD; Juan J. Perez-Santonja, MD
Submitted: 5/15/08; Accepted: 2/18/09; Posted: 4/1/09In a retrospective study of 51 eyes that underwent PRK and 141 eyes that underwent LASIK for myopia of -10.00 to -18.00 D, the percentage of eyes with uncorrected visual acuity of 20/40 or better was higher in the LASIK group than in the PRK group throughout 10-year follow-up. In eyes that underwent PRK, haze was a significant long-term problem.
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Structural-functional Correlations of Corneal Innervation After LASIK and Penetrating Keratoplasty
Oliver Stachs, PhD; Andrey Zhivov, MD; Robert Kraak, MD; Marine Hovakimyan, PhD; Andreas Wree, MD; Rudolf Guthoff, MD
Submitted: 7/15/08; Accepted: 2/10/09; Posted: 4/1/09Confocal microscopy of the subbasal nerve plexus in the cornea after LASIK and penetrating keratoplasty demonstrates that normal anatomy is not achieved during recovery, even though normal sensation occurs after LASIK by about 6 months; however, it does not occur completely normally in penetrating keratoplasty.
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Dan Z. Reinstein, MD, MA(Cantab), FRCSC, FRCOphth; Timothy J. Archer, MA(Oxon), DipCompSci(Cantab); Marine Gobbe, MST(Optom), PhD; Neil Johnson, MA(Cantab), PhD
Submitted: 12/23/07; Accepted: 2/3/09; Posted: 4/1/09In a series of 24 myopic eyes using the Zeiss VisuMax femtosecond laser and MEL 80 excimer laser platforms for LASIK, an intended flap thickness of 110 µm yielded a mean flap thicknesses of 112.3±7.9 µm (range: 102.6 to 132.9 µm). A comprehensive tabular review of articles reporting flap thickness is presented.
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Sang-Kyoon Kim, MD; Hyo-Myung Kim, MD, PhD; Jong-Suk Song, MD, PhD
Submitted: 5/27/08; Accepted: 2/10/09; Posted: 3/18/09In a series of 20 eyes, the anterior chamber internal diameter was measured. The 35 MHz UBM measured smaller than the OCT, but the two were well correlated statistically, whereas the Pentacam showed poor correlation and seems to be an improper method for this measurement
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Haiyan Li, PhD, MD; Tong Sun, MD; Ming Wang, PhD, MD; Jialiang Zhao, PhD, MD
Submitted: 2/11/08; Accepted: 2/10/09; Posted: 3/18/09Two hundred seventy-four eyes with a mean spherical equivalent refraction of -8.94 D (range: -6.12 to -15.75 D) received thin flap LASIK with either a 15-kHz IntraLase or a Moria M IntraLase femtosecond system (intended thickness: 100 µm) or a Moria M2 mechanical microkeratome (intended thickness: 110 µm). A VISX S4 IR excimer laser was used. At 3 months, the two flap techniques had similar predictability, stability, and change in higher order aberrations.
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Adjustable Intracorneal Ring in a Lamellar Pocket for Keratoconus
Albert Daxer, MD, PhD
Submitted: 7/31/08; Accepted: 2/3/09; Posted: 3/18/09After creating a limbus-to-limbus lamellar pocket, a flexible complete intracorneal ring is inserted, and can be adjusted within the stromal pocket as reported in one case of keratoconus.
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Guillermo M. Pérez, OD, MSc; Salomé Abenza, MD; Alvaro De Casas, MD; Jose M. Marín, MD; Pablo Artal, PhD
Submitted: 8/27/08; Accepted: 2/3/09; Posted: 3/18/09In a patient with 20/20 UCVA and monocular diplopia and minimal lens changes on slit lamp examination, the combination of the optical quality analysis system and a Hartmann-Schack aberrometer demonstrated that double vision was generated by the lens. Cataract surgery was successful and the monocular diplopia disappeared.
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Aleksandar Stojanovic, MD; Jia Zhang, MD; Xiangjun Chen, MD; Tore A. Nitter, MD, PhD; Shihao Chen, MD; Qinmei Wang MD
Submitted: 5/10/08; Accepted: 2/2/09; Posted: 3/6/09In 12 eyes with keratoconus or pellucid marginal degeneration, a combination of topography-guided custom ablation immediately followed by collagen cross-linking improved uncorrected and spectacle-corrected visual acuity and reduced astigmatism. Over 12 months of observation, no progression of the corneal ectasia was observed.
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Ahmet Taylan Yazici, MD; Ercument Bozkurt, MD; Cengiz Alagoz, MD; Nese Alagoz, MD; Gokhan Pekel, MD; Vedat Kaya, MD; Omer Faruk Yilmaz, MD
Submitted: 4/26/08; Accepted: 2/2/09; Posted: 3/6/09In a series of 100 healthy eyes, the Visante OCT, Orbscan, and Pentacam had mean measurements of corneal thickness that differed by a maximum of 25 µm, mean anterior chamber depth values by 0.14 mm, and mean pupil diameter by 1.82 mm—differences considered not clinically significant by the authors.
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Maurice Schallenberg, MD; Valerie Bangre; Klaus-Peter Steuhl, MD, PhD; Stephan Kremmer, MD, PhD; J. Michael Selbach, MD, PhD
Submitted: 3/29/08; Accepted: 2/2/09; Posted: 3/6/09Ninety-two eyes were examined with three pupillometers at 0.04 and 0.4 lux. The Neuroptics pupillometer had the best interobserver agreement, and the Colvard and Neuroptics had the best between-instrument agreement and the best repeatability.
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